Can My Employer Fire Me for Filing a Workers’ Compensation Claim?
Something we hear almost every time we speak to someone who was injured at work is, “If I file for work comp, can my employer fire me?” If you are hurt at work in Illinois, it is natural to worry about how your employer will respond—especially if you plan to file a workers’ compensation claim. Many workers fear that reporting an injury or requesting benefits could put their job at risk.
It is important to understand that Illinois is generally an at-will employment state. This means your employer can terminate your employment for almost any reason, or for no stated reason at all, as long as the reason is not illegal. However, filing a workers’ compensation claim is one of the few areas where the law specifically protects workers from retaliation.
Illinois Law Prohibits Firing an Employee for Filing a Workers’ Compensation Claim
The good news is that Illinois law provides strong protections for injured workers. Under the Illinois Workers’ Compensation Act, your employer cannot fire you, discipline you, or otherwise punish you because you:
Reported a work-related injury
Requested medical treatment
Filed a workers’ compensation claim
Hired an attorney to represent you
Testified or planned to testify in a workers’ compensation case
Terminating or retaliating against an employee for exercising these rights is illegal. Illinois recognizes a claim known as retaliatory discharge, and courts take these allegations seriously.
Additionally, many employees in Illinois are members of a union or work under a collective bargaining agreement (CBA). These contracts often provide workers with additional job protections, such as:
Requirements for “just cause” before termination
Grievance procedures
Seniority rules governing layoffs
Restrictions on discipline
If you are covered by a union contract, you may have greater protections than at-will employees, and the employer must follow the procedures outlined in the CBA.
What Employers Can and Cannot Do
Your Employer Cannot:
Fire you because you filed a claim
Reduce your hours for reporting an injury
Threaten you or discourage you from seeking medical treatment or benefits
If the workers’ compensation claim is even part of the reason for termination, you may be able to bring a retaliatory discharge claim.
Your Employer Can:
Terminate you due to unrelated misconduct or policy violations
End your employment if no suitable work is available within medical restrictions
Conduct company-wide or department-wide layoffs
Employers can still make legitimate business decisions unrelated to your claim. So while filing a claim does not guarantee job protection, it does guarantee protection from retaliation.
Do Not Let Fear Stop You From Filing a Workers’ Compensation Claim
If you have not filed a workers’ compensation claim because you are worried that your employer might retaliate or fire you, you should not let that fear stop you from pursuing the benefits the law provides. The workers’ compensation system exists to protect injured employees, and Illinois law gives you clear rights when you are hurt on the job.
Filing a claim ensures that your medical bills are covered, your lost wages are addressed, and you receive the support you need during your recovery. Speaking with an experienced workers’ compensation attorney can help you understand your protections, guide you through the process, and give you confidence that your rights are being upheld at every step.
